https://peertube.dngr.us/videos/watch/b5577b2b-093b-4101-af8a-0d07e405cf22 Warning: some of the content of this film is unsettling and may be inappropriate for younger viewers or anyone who has just eaten or is about to eat food. Created for the medical profession, “Human Gastric Function” is “an experimental study of ‘Tom,’ a unique patient with an extensive gastric fistula” (an abnormal opening in the stomach or intestines that allows the contents to leak). It serves as a record of a 15-year study carried out between 1941 and 1952, and shows how the stomach membranes respond to food, acids, anger and serenity, and explains other phenomena discovered during study, including histological changes. The lead author of the study, Steward Wolf, from the Department of Medicine at the University of Oklahoma, opens the film by explaining how 60 years earlier, the subject suffered an accident resulting in the gastric fistula, transforming the man “into an incomparably good experimental subject for the study of the subject.” The research expanded understanding of the gut-brain connection and the role of psychological factors in gastrointestinal health. 0:00 – Tom is introduced as a unique experimental subject who, due to an accident in childhood, developed a large gastric fistula that allowed unprecedented long-term observation of stomach function. 1:47 – The study was conducted over 15 years by Dr. Harold Wolf and the narrator, with Tom’s cooperation, allowing detailed and stress-free research. 2:32 – Tom recounts the accident at age 9 involving a swallowed object, which led to surgery and the creation of the fistula in 1895. 3:54 – Despite his condition, Tom lived a normal life: he worked various jobs, played sports, married, and raised a family. 4:10 – Medical records reveal Tom nearly died during surgery, but the resulting large fistula provided excellent visibility into the stomach lining for researchers. 5:01 – Tom developed and later recovered from a gastric tumor (adenocarcinoma), offering further study opportunities. 5:19 – X-rays reveal the anatomical layout of Tom’s stomach and the location of the fistula. 6:06 – Tom demonstrates how he feeds himself using a funnel and tube inserted into the stomach opening. 6:44 – The researchers studied various aspects of stomach function: visual inspection, secretion, motor activity, and reactions to stress and drugs. 7:40 – Changes in the stomach's mucosal color were linked to blood flow and psychological states, which were quantifiable using hemoglobin color scales and thermocouples. 8:26 – Microscopic views revealed blood lakes and glandular structures in the mucosa, with distinct patterns based on mucosal activity and blood flow. 9:27 – Mucosal turgidity was measured by counting folds; hyperemia led to fewer, larger folds, while pale mucosa had more numerous, fine folds. 10:01 – Turgid mucosa was pain-sensitive and fragile, in contrast to the resilient pale mucosa. 10:23 – Gastric juice was collected for acidity testing, and its effects on substances like skin and protective mucus layers were studied. 11:56 – Repeated removal of mucus from a small area led to ulcer formation, mimicking clinical peptic ulcers; protective dressings helped healing. 12:44 – Motor activity of the stomach was recorded using a balloon and kymograph, showing normal, hypoactive, and hyperactive states. 13:53 – Drug studies showed how substances like atropine suppressed gastric activity, evidenced by reduced motility, acid, and color. 14:09 – Psychological stress in Tom’s daily life, such as discussing job loss, caused visible changes in stomach color, fold size, and motility. 15:59 – Emotions like despair and anger had marked effects on Tom’s stomach: hypoactivity during sadness and hyperactivity during anger or protectiveness. 17:10 – Other individuals may respond differently to similar stress, depending on how they interpret it, leading to varying gastric responses. 17:49 – A comparison subject with brain damage showed only basic rhythmic gastric function, lacking emotional influence. 18:00 – When Tom was fed without the sensory experience of eating, he lost weight, suggesting psychological satisfaction affects metabolism. 18:15 – The study's key conclusion: emotional stress can cause not only hypofunction (as previously thought) but also hyperfunction, which may be more damaging to the stomach. This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD and 2k. For more information visit http://www.PeriscopeFilm.com Source: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yBf_dDQYGhg Mirrored from Periscope Film (https://www.youtube.com/@PeriscopeFilm) Fri, 12 Jun 2026 03:25:42 GMT https://validator.w3.org/feed/docs/rss2.html PeerTube - https://peertube.dngr.us https://peertube.dngr.us/lazy-static/avatars/41a6fee9-7f57-42d0-a5fc-5db4f1af2e31.png https://peertube.dngr.us/videos/watch/b5577b2b-093b-4101-af8a-0d07e405cf22 All rights reserved, unless otherwise specified in the terms specified at https://peertube.dngr.us/about and potential licenses granted by each content's rightholder.