https://peertube.dngr.us/videos/watch/c950ef1f-cb7a-40ea-bce8-fd800aea78d0 Join this channel to get access to perks: https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCddem5RlB3bQe99wyY49g0g/join Join us on Patreon. Visit https://www.patreon.com/PeriscopeFilm Visit our website www.PeriscopeFilm.com Originally produced by Coronet in 1963 and then revised in 1983, "The Civil War: Background Issues (1820-1860) provides an overview of the growing tensions between the North and South in the United States during the early 19th century, primarily focused on the issue of slavery. Following the Missouri Compromise of 1820, which temporarily settled the balance between slave and free states, the expansion of slavery into new territories became a divisive issue. As the U.S. expanded westward, debates intensified, especially with the passage of the Kansas-Nebraska Act, the rise of abolitionist movements, and the Dred Scott decision, which further inflamed regional divisions. Tensions also escalated due to economic differences, such as the protective tariffs favored by the North, which the South opposed. The election of Abraham Lincoln in 1860, viewed by Southerners as a threat to slavery, led to South Carolina's secession and the eventual formation of the Confederacy, marking the beginning of the Civil War. 00:00: The United States in 1817 is in a period of growing national pride and unity, known as the Era of Good Feelings. Political rivalry almost disappears, and President James Monroe is re-elected in 1820 without opposition. The nation is growing through business expansion and westward settlement. 1:25 - 2:04: The Missouri application for statehood sparks a crisis. With 11 northern and 11 southern states, the balance of power in the Senate is at risk. The Missouri controversy ignites a bitter debate over the expansion of slavery into western territories. 2:06 - 2:47: Slavery’s roots in the U.S. go back to Colonial times, especially in the southern economy, where large-scale farming depended on slave labor. While the northern states moved to abolish slavery, the South became reliant on it as cotton became central to their economy after Eli Whitney's cotton gin in 1793. 2:53 - 4:17: As the southern economy relied on slavery, many Southerners feared losing power to the north if slavery wasn’t allowed to expand. The Missouri Compromise of 1820 temporarily resolves the issue by admitting Missouri as a slave state and Maine as a free state, but tensions continue. 4:21: The issue of tariffs adds to tensions. The North, favoring high tariffs, clashes with the South, who protests these tariffs due to the higher prices they face. South Carolina even adopts an ordinance of nullification, leading to a crisis resolved through compromise in 1833. 5:21: Nat Turner's rebellion in 1831 shocks the South. Abolitionist groups in the North, like William Lloyd Garrison, call for abolition of slavery. 6:18: Women's rights groups join abolitionist efforts, but southern resistance grows. Abolitionists form the Underground Railroad, led by figures like Harriet Tubman, helping slaves escape to freedom. 7:18: Many in the South defend slavery more passionately, with arguments claiming it is a moral institution. Meanwhile, the Westward Movement continues, with pioneers settling in territories like Texas, leading to more conflict over slavery. 9:00: Texas becomes a state in 1845, leading to war with Mexico in 1846. The Wilmot Proviso attempts to prevent slavery in new territories but is defeated. The debate over slavery’s expansion continues, with the Missouri Compromise being challenged. 12:18: The Compromise of 1850 is a major turning point, admitting California as a free state and enforcing the Fugitive Slave Law, which causes significant unrest in the North. Harriet Beecher Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin heightens Northern opposition to slavery. 14:16: The Kansas-Nebraska Act of 1854, allowing for popular sovereignty, sparks violence in Kansas between pro-slavery and anti-slavery factions. The act’s passage leads to the creation of the Republican Party, which opposes the expansion of slavery. 16:02: The Dred Scott decision of 1857 asserts that slaves are property, intensifying the debate. In 1858, Abraham Lincoln debates Stephen A. Douglas, where he argues against the spread of slavery. 17:29: John Brown leads a raid at Harper's Ferry in 1859, hoping to incite a rebellion, but is captured and executed. His death becomes a rallying point for abolitionists, but further enrages the South. 18:13: In 1860, Abraham Lincoln is elected president, causing southern states to secede from the Union. South Carolina leads the way, followed by other states. Attempts at compromise fail, and secession leads directly to the Civil War. This film is part of the Periscope Film LLC archive, one of the largest historic military, transportation, and aviation stock footage collections in the USA. Entirely film backed, this material is available for licensing in 24p HD, 2k and 4k. 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